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	Author	Sato, K.N.; Powell, J.; Rudie, D.; Levin, L.A.
	Title	Evaluating the promise and pitfalls of a potential climate change-tolerant sea urchin fishery in southern California			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2018	Publication		Abbreviated Journal	ICES J Mar Sci
	Volume	75	Issue	3	Pages	1029-1041
	Keywords	California Current; Mesocentrotus franciscanus; Strongylocentrotus fragilis.; climate change; climate-tolerant fishery; fisheries; sea urchin
	Abstract	Marine fishery stakeholders are beginning to consider and implement adaptation strategies in the face of growing consumer demand and potential deleterious climate change impacts such as ocean warming, ocean acidification, and deoxygenation. This study investigates the potential for development of a novel climate change-tolerant sea urchin fishery in southern California based on Strongylocentrotus fragilis (pink sea urchin), a deep-sea species whose peak density was found to coincide with a current trap-based spot prawn fishery (Pandalus platyceros) in the 200-300-m depth range. Here we outline potential criteria for a climate change-tolerant fishery by examining the distribution, life-history attributes, and marketable qualities of S. fragilis in southern California. We provide evidence of seasonality of gonad production and demonstrate that peak gonad production occurs in the winter season. S. fragilis likely spawns in the spring season as evidenced by consistent minimum gonad indices in the spring/summer seasons across 4 years of sampling (2012-2016). The resiliency of S. fragilis to predicted future increases in acidity and decreases in oxygen was supported by high species abundance, albeit reduced relative growth rate estimates at water depths (485-510 m) subject to low oxygen (11.7-16.9 micromol kg(-1)) and pHTotal (<7.44), which may provide assurances to stakeholders and managers regarding the suitability of this species for commercial exploitation. Some food quality properties of the S. fragilis roe (e.g. colour, texture) were comparable with those of the commercially exploited shallow-water red sea urchin (Mesocentrotus franciscanus), while other qualities (e.g. 80% reduced gonad size by weight) limit the potential future marketability of S. fragilis. This case study highlights the potential future challenges and drawbacks of climate-tolerant fishery development in an attempt to inform future urchin fishery stakeholders.
	Address	Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0218, USA
	Corporate Author	Handling editor: Mary Hunsicker			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1054-3139	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	FCI @ refbase @			Serial	2073
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